Executive Summary
This paper argues that the U.S. defense establishment has failed to adapt its strategy from the post-Cold War era of dominance to the new reality of peer competition with China and Russia. Despite recognizing the need for change and initiating some reforms, institutional, bureaucratic, and political barriers prevent the fundamental transformation required. The author calls for a new strategy of 'defending without dominance,' emphasizing institutional reform over simply increasing the budget to effectively counter modern threats.
Why It Matters
This document is crucial for defense and geopolitical analysts as it dissects the systemic challenges hindering the U.S. military's adaptation to great power competition, offering insights into necessary strategic and institutional reforms.
Key Takeaways
- The U.S. defense strategy is inadequately prepared for peer-on-peer conflict despite recognizing the threat from China and Russia.
- Bureaucratic rigidity and institutional traditions are significant barriers to implementing necessary reforms, not just budgetary constraints.
- A revised U.S. defense strategy must prioritize institutional and conceptual changes to maximize military effectiveness and global engagement.
- The U.S. must maintain deep engagement globally to safeguard its interests and prevent hostile powers from dominating key regions.
Strategic Relevance
This analysis highlights the urgent need for the U.S. to fundamentally re-evaluate its defense strategy and institutional structures to effectively counter rising peer competitors. It underscores that military dominance is not guaranteed and requires strategic adaptation beyond simply increasing spending, impacting global power dynamics and alliance structures.